Infobase: Where Do I Start?
The decision about what camcorder to buy depends entirely
upon what you intend to use it for, so before you splash the
cash on something you might later regret, take a moment to
reflect.
You've decided that you need a new camcorder to take on
a family vacation or to record a special occasion. You know
roughly how much you can spend and chances are you've decided
it should be digital - but other than that you're confused.
Where do you start? So to make the whole experience slightly
less painful for you we've decided to try and summarise the
kind of response elicited by such a question right here
Why do you need a camcorder?
Knowing what it is that
you're likely to use a camcorder for is quite an important
consideration, as you'll discover. If the need is simply to
record the kids on a beach, opening presents at family or
holiday celebrations, and so on, with the result that the
camcorder is subsequently hooked up to the TV in order for
family and friends to view what you've recorded, then you
don't need anything sophisticated. However, if you're looking
for equipment that will satisfy semi-professional, or even
professional, aspirations then you'll need to consider a more
complex model
Different types of camcorder
In an attempt to avoid
all un-necessary jargon, let's keep it simple. Although one
camcorder looks much like another, you'll find that there are
several ways of making a recording - and each of these will
have an impact on what you can do with the recordings later
on. In essence, the types of camcorder recording system are:
- Videotape Cassette - recording to
digital tape, like MiniDV ("DV") and HDV
- DVD disc - uses recordable DVD discs
for playing in a home DVD player or PC
- Hard Disk Drive - HDD, saving to
non-removable hard disk drives
- Solid State Media Card - saving to
cards like SD and Memory Stick PRO
In addition to the above, it's useful to note that
different models (and systems) allow you to do different
things with your camcorder. Here's a summary of what you
might look out for when considering a particular model:
- Nice handling and easy to use, even for a complete
beginner!
- Sensible layout of controls and switches
- Zoom lens - a 10x magnification lens is more useful
than 800x digital zoom
- Manual controls of focus, exposure and white
balance
- Nice bright LCD screen and easy-to-navigate menu
system
- Good signal connection options, such as DV and AV
inputs / outputs
- CCD - the imaging chip that generates the image in the
camera. The smaller the CCD (eg: 1/6th inch) or CMOS-chip
(a newer alternative to the CCD) the less general image
quality will be produced. Three CCDs are better than one,
too, but come at a premium.
It might be that you have some more advanced
requirements, so consider these additional features and
facilities as well:
- Digital Stills Pictures - snap pictures and save to a
card in the same unit for later downloading to a computer
via USB cable
- Digital signal input - re-record video digitally on
tape or disc in the camcorder using FireWire or USB 2.0
cable as a backup of an edited project or to give to
somebody else
- Microphone input - obtain better sound quality through
the use of an independent microphone placed either on the
camcorder's accessory shoe or on the end of a cable
- Headphone output - this is very useful even when using
the built-in mic, but essential when recording using
external microphones
Advantages of using one recording format over
another
Each of the types of camcorder referred to above
has a direct impact on not only how you go about your
recording, but it also governs what you can do with the
recorded material once you have it on tape or disc.
MiniDV tape
If you decide to buy a DV (also referred
to as MiniDV and DVC) camcorder, you'll be making a
high-quality digital video tape recording with a maximum
duration of 80 minutes at SP (Standard-Play) speed or approx.
100 minutes at LP (not always a good idea to use the latter,
though).Tape contents must be transferred in real-time from
camcorder to computer or to DVD recorder, and it's not as
quick or easy to make DVD copies if nice attractive menu
navigation systems. As consumers become accustomed to viewing
TV pictures in High Definition, we'll see a rapid increase in
the use of HDV camcorders that record very high resolution
digital video clips to a similar tape to that used in the
MiniDV format.
Recordable DVD
DVD camcorders are becoming
increasingly popular for the simple reason that it's easy to
pop the recorded disc into our domestic DVD player and view
our recordings. DVD camcorder use smaller (8cm) discs than
the ones used normally, but all players can accept them. DVD
uses a form of compression called MPEG-2 to compact the
recording into the restricted volume of space on the DVD
disk, and this means that later editing isn't as easy as it
is with DV tape. The menu system inherent in the DVD format
makes it easy to select, view, re-organise and delete clips,
however, and for those unconcerned with complex editing it's
a good choice.
HDD (Hard Disk Drive)
Camcorders that use neither
tape nor removeable discs (like DV or DVD) have the lion's
share of the market (2006), but HDD camcorders that save
their video clips and also digital stills to high-capacity
hard disks in the camera are gaining ground fast. Current
models are limited to JVC, with its Everio G HDD range, and
Sony, with its DCR-SR range respectively, are the two main
contenders. HDD camcorders use the same type of compressed
recording system as DVD. Although accurate video editing
isn't as easy as it is with DV (due to the complex manner in
which the MPEG-2 sequence of images is constructed), a
computer will see the camera's HDD as being a USB 2.0 Mass
Storage Device on a USB connection, so it's as easy to copy
files across as it is to copy images. JVC has a DVD
disc-making station called the Everio Share Station which
makes it easy to produce DVDs from selected files on the
camcorder's internal HDD.
Solid State Camcorders
These models - from companies
like Panasonic, Sanyo, Sony - use Flash Memory cards to save
MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 video clips to a high-capacity card much
like those that are used in your digital stills camera, only
they can hold much more information and can write/read data
much more quickly. Formats like Panasonic's SDR, or Sanyo's
Xacti models, are gaining in popularity as the capacity of
the SD cards (etc) increases to the equivalent of large DVD
disks, although the ease with which the recorded clips can be
edited accurately is similar to DVD and HDD recordings (they
use the same type of compression systems, after all).
Points For and Against the relevant camcorder recording
systems
If you're looking for a camcorder that fulfils
all the basic recording and playback requirements for use
within a general family or social context and whose clips
aren't intended to be edited beyond simple top-and-tailing of
clips, adding simple titles, etc., then DVD and HDD will be
appropriate. With USB, you can move the clip files into a
computer (often using software supplied for use with either
Windows XP, Apple Mac or both) from wheretidy-up editing can
take place and any number of full-size DVDs can be made.
As far as DVD camcorders are concerned, of course, you
may wish to use one-only DVD-R discs and simply store them;
however, re-writeable DVD-RW and DVD+RW discs are a better
option since they can be re-used after your clips have been
copied over to the computer. Given the cost of SD-Video cards
as used in the Solid State camcorders like Panasonic's
SDR-S150 - even the newer high-capacity SDHC cards - it's
imperative that you copy the data over to the computer in
order to retain the clips created on them. Those camcorders
that use HDD to save clips in the cam have the potential to
record up to 37 hours of standard definition video on a 30
Gigabyte hard disk drive at the lowest quality setting, but
even the HQ can give you 7 hours' recording. Camcorder HDD
capacities reached the 100GB mark during 2007 and are set to
rise further, giving even more storage potential within a
single unit. As the disc onto which the clips are saved is
fixed inside the camcorder, you'll need to copy off selected
clips prior to making DVDs of the content (or you may wish to
leave them on a computer). All main camcorder manufacturers
include software with their products that enables you to
archive of to DVD whether the camcorder is standard
definition or high definition.
A note about High Definition
As sales of HD TV
displays increases rapidly, it's reasonable to assume that
camcorder users should be seeking to record their home movies
in high definition as well. As such, two main HD formats have
evolved:
-
HDV
HDV is a tape-based format that records
1920x1080 resolution high definition pictures and sound
using tapes physically the same as those used for MiniDV.
Several HDV camcorders also enable the recording and
playback of regular MiniDV (standard definition video)
recordings as well, providing a convenient
"backwards-compatible" playback of older recordings.
Recordings can be transferred to a suitably-equipped
computer (Windows or Apple Mac) using FireWire.
-
AVCHD
This format took hold during 2007 and looks
likely to dominate the HD camcorder market for the
foreseeable future. Rather than the MPEG2-based
compression system used by HDV, this uses the extremely
efficient MPEG4 AVC/H.264 compression system that is
designed to enable writing of full-specification HD to
solid-state memory cards (such as SDHC), memory Sticks,
Hard Disc Drives and - to a lesser extent - DVD drives.
AVCHD camcorders are beginning to dominate new HD
releases from Panasonic, Canon and Sony.
Conclusion - Our Best Advice
For quick and easy video
recording and playback with minimal editing, your choice is
wide open. You may consider that a DVD camcorder provides the
best value for money, given the availability of the discs
required. However, standard definition DVD camcorders are
losing favour with consumers and makers alike and are in the
process of being phased out. If you're keen to make the most
of your new HD television display, which uses HDMI
connections, think about an AVCHD camcorder that records to
either HDD (Hard Disc Drive) or flash memory card like SDHC
or Memory Stick. If you're happy to stick with tape but still
require HD, then look at one of the current range of HDV
camcorders from either Canon or Sony. As you start your
search, you'll note that high definition is taking the
spotlight to the detriment of SD (standard definition)
formats. However, there are some very good deals on the
latter, so think carefully - but make sure you're clear about
what your needs are before drawing up a short-list!
Words and pictures: Colin Barrett, SimplyDV. No
unauthorised reproduction or distribution. Copyright 2002,
2005, 2008.
Print This Page